A recent report by Oxford Economics placed Hamilton as the third-least affordable city in North America when it comes to housing. Only Toronto and Vancouver were listed as less affordable, whereas U.S. communities such as San Jose, New York City, and Los Angeles, famous for their high housing costs, were found to be more affordable (Hristova, 2021). Our rough estimate is that, on net, 13,000-15,000 residents left the Hamilton community between 2015 and 2020 due to a lack of housing.